Historical and Commemorative
Medals
Collection of Benjamin Weiss
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ELIZABETH : PEACE OF ABO BETWEEN RUSSIA AND SWEDEN Unknown medallist: RUSSIA, 1743, Bronze, 61 mm Åbo (Turku), is the capital of Western Finland, at the mouth of the Aurajoki River on the Baltic Sea. Known as the "cradle of Finnish culture," Turku is among Finland's oldest cities. Swedish Crusaders landed on the site in 1157. It was the seat (1220) of the first bishop of Finland, and the capital of Finland until 1812. The national university was in Turku from 1640 to 1827, when a fire destroyed almost the entire city and the university was moved (1828) to Helsinki. The great cathedral was begun in the early 13th century. The 13th-century castle, burned in 1614 and restored in 1961, is now a historic museum. Turku has a Finnish university (founded 1917) and a Swedish university (founded 1918). The Treaty of Åbo or Treaty of Turku was the Peace Treaty between Imperial Russia and Sweden by which Sweden ceded part of Southeast Finland to Russia. Russia, in turn, guaranteed freedom of religion, properties, laws and privileges to the inhabitants of the ceded territories. The treaty, which was signed in 1743, is commemorated by this medal. The Kymmene (Kymi) River is one of the largest rivers in Southern Finland. The westernmost tributary of the river served as a border between Sweden and Russia from 1743 (the year of the Treaty) to 1809. The parts of Finland east of the river were later called Old Finland. Old Finland was incorporated in the Grand Duchy of Finland in 1812. LINK to Collection of Medals from Imperial Russia (Yale University) |
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